Scholarships Source

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The Swiss Government through the Federal Commission for Scholarships for Foreign Students (FCS) is granting a limited number of scholarships to developing countries, among which Indonesia is included.

These scholarships are offered to Indonesian POSTGRADUATE students wishing to study at a Swiss university. The aim of the scholarship is to enable grantees either to further their education or to undertake research work in the fields in which the universities are particularly active. The intended study should be useful for the development in Indonesia. In principle, the scholarship holders can study at any national Swiss university or Federal Institute of Technology. The candidates should take into account the possibilities offered by Swiss universities. Following programs are not included in this scholarship:

1. Fine arts and music
2. Undergraduate studies
3. Hotel management studies
4. Student exchange programs
5. Part-time studies
6. On-the-job studies
7. Correspondence courses

The duration of grant is for the nine-month academic year. Under certain conditions, which are justified by FCS and the related university, the scholarship may be renewed.

REQUIREMENTS

• Indonesian citizen
• University degree ( min. Sarjana Strata-1/bachelor degree or equivalent)
• Candidates must be under 35 years old when applying (birth date after December 31, (1973)
• Sufficient knowledge of one of the official languages in Switzerland (i.e. German, French or Italian), depending on the location of chosen university, and English for some courses. Each candidates will have to undergo a language test at the Swiss Embassy in Jakarta in order to determine the oral and written language ability.
• Acceptance letter from the chosen university.
  Before applying the candidates need to contact the professor or direction of the postgraduate program at the chosen educational institution in order to get a written confirmation of acceptance which must be submitted when filing the application. The requirements to obtain the letter have to be seen in the web site of each universities. Generally the request of the acceptance letter must be completed with a detailed and precise plan of the intended postgraduate study program, curriculum vitae and certified copies of the university diplomas including academic transcripts. A certified translation is required if the originals are not issued in English, German, French or Italian.
• Detailed study/research plan and motivation describing clearly and precisely the aim of study. The possibilities offered by the Swiss universities should be taken into account, also the possibilities of professional reintegration when returning to Indonesia

For more detail information about application procedure, admission criteria and others related to this program http://www.eda.admin.ch/jakarta

Embassy of Switzerland
Cultural Section
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said, Kav. X 3/2
Kuningan, Jakarta 12950
E-mail: jak.vertretung@eda.admin.ch

Six master's scholarships are provided by The International University
in Germany (IU). The scholarships available for its master's programs
in computer science and information and communication technology. The
scholarships are sponsored by the internationally renowned computer
companies SAP and CAS and cover the tuition fees.

All students, with or without scholarship, will have the opportunity
to write their Master's thesis as researchers within these companies
with a good chance not only to get the inside perspective and hands on
experience in these global players but also to extent their stay in
Germany to receive a job there as soon as their Master's is completed.

In order to give international applicants a fair chance to apply, the
IU has also extended the application deadline for the master's
programs for classes beginning on January 7th, 2009. Students should
apply as soon as possible by completing the online application at our
website: https://i-u. academy4. com//i-u/ CI_form.php

For further information, please feel free to contact us:
admission2008@ i-u.de or visit our homepage at www.i-u.de. More
information will also be available at www.daad.de beginning September
15, 2008.

International University in Germany
Admissions 2008
Campus 3
76646 Bruchsal
Skype name: InternationalUniver sityinGermany
www.i-u.de
Management: Prof.Dr. Ian Cloete, Michael Scheithauer

Registergericht: Amtsgericht Mannheim, HRB 231980

The following vacancy (m/f) has opened up within the Transportation Research Institute (IMOB) of Hasselt University:

2 PhD students logistics (2 x 2 years)

(mandate BEDR/2008/014-015)

The Transportation Research Institute (IMOB) is one of the 9 research institutes of Hasselt University. The scientific research within IMOB is concentrated on three core fields: traffic safety, transportation and logistics. The institute organizes the research in traffic safety, within the Policy Research Centre for Mobility & Public Works, track Traffic Safety and researches transportation behaviour by using activity-based models. Besides expertise within public transport, IMOB also gathers knowledge in the research field of logistics and organization of freight transport.

Besides fundamental research, there is an applied research unit that carries out research projects for several clients (EU, federal and regional authorities, local authorities, companies, …). Themes we work on are traffic safety, transportation behaviour, public transport, bike policy, transportation management and freight transport. About 35 researchers are working for IMOB. This researcher will work within the logistics department.

Job description
This Ph. D. research will be carried out within the research programme Logistics of the Transportation Research Institute, more specifically within the domain of freight flows. Candidates will be involved in developing a freight transport model for Flanders.

Ph. D. student 1: Concepts from the sector of freight transport, such as just-in-time and lean production, will have to be integrated in the new model. An extensive data collection is necessary and will precede the actual development of the model. Imperative data are for instance data on individual transport, data on the location of terminals, distribution centers … and data on transport and logistics costs.

Ph. D. student 2: Important decisions, within the framework of this research, that need to be integrated in the model are the size and the frequency of the freight loading, the transport mode and the structure of the transport chain.

Profile and diploma
Applicants should have a Masters degree in Business Engineering, Business Engineering in Computer Science, Applied Economics, Civil Engineering, Informatics, Mathematics, Physics or an equivalent academic college degree. A strong quantitative interest and a thorough knowledge of a computer language are to ones favour.

Employment
Probable start date: 15.10.2008

Further information

• Content job responsibilities:

  • prof. dr. Geert Wets, +32-11-26 91 58, geert.wets@uhasselt.be

  • An Caris, +32-11-26 91 52, an.caris@uhasselt.be

• Content terms of employment and selection procedure: Jef Vanvoorden, 011-26 80 80, jef.vanvoorden@uhasselt.be

Application
You can apply using application forms:

• which are available at the Rectoraat of Hasselt University, Campus Diepenbeek, Agoralaan - building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek (Belgium), phone +32 - 11 - 26 80 03

• or which can be downloaded here pdf-file / Word format.

The completed application forms must reach the above mentioned address no later than Friday, September 12th 2008.

Application by e-mail will only be taken into consideration when sent to the following address: jobs@uhasselt.be.

PhD Fellowship/Postdoc Position [3 y (75/100%); master degree in mathematics with outstanding grades; some background in function spaces and (applied and computational) harmonic analysis; good programming skills; 13 TV-L] / University of Osnabrück / deadline September 15

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UNIVERSITÄT OSNABRÜCK

We are currently offering a

PhD fellowship/ postdoc position (Salary scale according to 13 TV-L)

in Mathematics at the Chair of Applied Analysis of the University of Osnabrück, Germany, starting from 1st November 2008.

The employment will be based on the pool of applicants and their respective qualifications, either as a PhD fellowship (75 %) or as a postdoc-position (100%) for a period of three years.

A master degree in mathematics with outstanding grades is expected. There is the possibility for a doctorate or postdoc lecture qualification respectively.

The position is part of a joint project between the Chair of Applied Analysis, University of Osnabrück (G. Kutyniok), the Institut für Geometrie und Praktische Mathematik, RWTH Aachen (W. Dahmen), and the Seminar for Applied Mathematics, ETH Zurich (C. Schwab). A central theme of the project will be the mathematical analysis and the computer implementation of directional representation systems in adaptive discretization methods for partial differential equations.

Good programming skills as well as some background in function spaces and (applied and computational) harmonic analysis are a must.

The University of Osnabrück aims for the increase of the proportion of women and would therefore expressively ask adequately qualified women for their application.

We also welcome applications from persons with disabilities.

Please apply by sending your certificates, curriculum vitae plus any publications (preferably electronically as pdf-files) to the Dean of the Department Prof. Dr. Joachim Hertzberg, dekan@mathematik.uni-osnabrueck.de or to Prof. Dr. Gitta Kutyniok (currently at Stanford University), kutyniok@stanford.edu by 15th September 2008. For any further information please contact Mrs. Kutyniok.

Postdoctoral Research Assistant [1y; PhD in representation theory; familiar with some aspects of the representation theory of Hecke algebras and other self-injective algebras; good backgrnd in homological algebra would be also be desirable; £27,466; project: Hecke algebras and self-injective algebras: varieties of modules and applications] / University of Oxford / deadline September 19

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Postdoctoral Research Assistant

Vacancy Reference: BK/08/049
Grade: 7
Salary Range: Starting Salary £27,466
Appointment Term: 12 months
Closing Date: 19/09/2008

Applications are invited for an EPSRC postdoctoral position to work with Dr Karin Erdmann on a project entitled Hecke algebras and self-injective algebras: varieties of modules and applications. The appointment will be tenable for 1 year. The starting date is 1 October 2008 or as soon as possible thereafter.

The appointee will have a PhD in representation theory and should be familiar with some aspects of the representation theory of Hecke algebras and other self-injective algebras. A good background in homological algebra would be also be desirable.

If the committee are able to identify several suitable candidates then selection will be based on the assessment, by the appointment committee of the scientist(s) best able to contribute to research in this area. They will base this assessment on all the evidence they have available - including letters of reference and the publications of the candidates.

Further particulars may be obtained from The Administrative Assistant (Vacancies) at The Mathematical Institute, 24-29 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3LB, email vacancies_at_maths.ox.ac.uk or from the link below. Applications including a full CV, a covering letter explaining the candidate's suitability for the position and how they meet the selection criteria, and the name and address of two referees, should be sent to the Administrative Assistant at the above address (email applications to vacancies_at_maths.ox.ac.uk are acceptable) and must arrive by Friday 19 September. Applicants must arrange for their referees to send references direct to the Administrative Assistant by the same date (fax or email is sufficient). Please quote reference number BK/08/049.

The University is an Equal Opportunities Employer

Further details at www.maths.ox.ac.uk/node/7579

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PostDoc Number Theory/Diophantine Geometry [Start Oct 1; PhD math on Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry; German language] / Department of Mathematics at ETH Zurich

Math-jobs.com - visit our global list of conferences and courses

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PostDoc position in:
Number Theory/Diophantine Geometry

The research group of Prof. G. Wüstholz at the Department of Mathematics at ETH Zurich invites applications for a PostDoc position in Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry. Starting date for the position is Oct. 1, 2008.

Candidate profile:

The successful candidate must have a PhD degree in mathematics (equivalent to the degrees of the ETH Zurich) on Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry. Moreover, he/she must have a solid command of the German language (both written and spoken) to be able to take part in the teaching duties of the group.

Institution profile:

ETH Zurich is the study, research and work place of 18,000 people from 80 nations. It is located in the center of Europe in Zurich, Switzerland. About 350 professors in 16 departments teach mainly in the engineering sciences and architecture, system-oriented sciences, mathematics and natural sciences areas and carry out research that is highly valued worldwide.

Application:

If you are interested please email your application containing your CV, transcripts and certificates of your bachelor/master (or diploma) and PhD degrees, summary of the main results of your research, the plan of your future research and the contact information of two or three references to Clemens.Fuchs@math.ethz.ch. Only pdf-documents as attachments are accepted.

Graduate Study Program Scholarship in Environmental Engineering or
Urban and Regional Planning, University of Tokyo

Graduate Study Program for Foreign Students
The Department of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering,
the University of Tokyo, offers graduate study program with
governmental scholarship for foreign student. The field of study in
the Department is environmental engineering or urban and regional
planning. The education and the research supervision are conducted
either in English or Japanese. You can download information on
matriculation (http://www.due. t.u-
tokyo.ac.jp/ english/admissio n/prospectus2009 .pdf) of 2009 program.
(Adobe PDF format)

For the matriculation of 2009 program which starts in October 2009,
the deadline for the application is Oct.31, 2008.

Download Forms in Microsoft-word format.

Please note that we accept only applications sent by air-mails, and
we do not accept on-line applications. We would like you to use
international A4 or US letter sized sheets for the submission of the
documents.

Download Applicaiton Form for 2009 matriculation. (Microsoft-word
format, 52KB)
(http://www.due. t.u-
tokyo.ac.jp/ english/admissio n/application_ form2009. doc)

Download Recommendation Form for 2009 matriculation. (Microsoft-word
format, 36KB)
(http://www.due. t.u-
tokyo.ac.jp/ english/admissio n/recommendation 2009.doc)

Download check list for 2009 matriculation. (Microsoft-excel
format,20KB)
http://www.due. t.u-tokyo. ac.jp/english/ admission/ checklist2009. xls)

All correspondence and requests for printed application forms can be
addressed to
the Foreign Student Officer (mailto:fso@ue.t.u-tokyo. ac.jp)

Postdoctoral Position [2y; PhD or similar education in reservoir technology or appl and computational maths; project: Geological Storage of CO2: Mathematical Modeling and Risk Assessment] / Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research, University of Bergen / deadline September 15

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Position as temporary researcher (post doc.) at the Department of Mathematics and the Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research (CIPR)

At the Department of Mathematics/CIPR, University of Bergen, we have a vacant postdoctoral position at the project "Geological Storage of CO2: Mathematical Modeling and Risk Assessment". The position is a two years appointment, with employment at Unifob AS.

This position is designed to address the applicability of large scale numerical simulations of porous media flow in a comprehensive risk assessment framework. The candidate is expected to explore and quantify the uncertainties in both the numerical modelling and the risk analysis. The project in general aims at developing novel solution methodology within the context of carbon sequestration. The successful candidate is expected to integrate this into his/her work.

Suitable applicants should have a Ph.D. or similar education in reservoir technology or applied and computational mathematics. Project requirements require that applicants should be able to work in a cross-disciplinary team and have a keen interest to learn methods and skills outside their current expertise.

The position is financed by the Norwegian Research Council. Female candidates are strongly encouraged to apply.

For more information please contact Professor Helge K. Dahle at Helge.Dahle@math.uib.no,
tel. +47 555 84863 or Associate Professor Jan M. Nordbotten at Jan.Nordbotten@math.uib.no, tel. +47 555 84869.

Salary upon agreement. Group Pension Insurance and Personnel Insurance Scheme will be part of this agreement.

The electronic application must contain CV, scanned copies of diplomas and transcripts, publications, list of publications and other relevant work, as well as 2-3 references. The application should be marked "CO2 Storage" and sent to post@cipr.uib.no
before September 15, 2008.

PhD Studentship Number Theory/Diophantine Geometry [Start Oct 1; Master or Diploma math; solid command German language; exp Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry expected] / Department of Mathematics at ETH Zurich

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PhD Studentship in:
Number Theory/Diophantine Geometry

The research group of Prof. G. Wüstholz at the Department of Mathematics at ETH Zurich invites applications for PhD students in Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry.

Starting date for the position is Oct. 1, 2008.

Candidate profile:

The successful candidate must have a Master or Diploma degree in mathematics equivalent to the degrees of the ETH Zurich (specific requirements such as examinations may be necessary) and must have a solid command of the German language (both written and spoken). Experiences in Number Theory or Diophantine Geometry are expected.

Institution profile:

ETH Zurich is the study, research and work place of 18,000 people from 80 nations. It is located in the center of Europe in Zurich, Switzerland. About 350 professors in 16 departments teach mainly in the engineering sciences and architecture, system-oriented sciences, mathematics and natural sciences areas and carry out research that is highly valued worldwide.

For more information on the doctoral studies at ETH see: www.graduate-school.ch

Application:

If you are interested please submit your application containing your CV, transcripts of your bachelor/master or diploma degrees and the contact information of two or three references using the online submission interface on the above wepage of the Zurich Graduate School of Mathematics.

PhD CASE Studentship [approx £17,170; project: Analysis of large scale atmospheric flows] / University of Reading with the MET Office / UK students only for full studentship

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PhD PROJECT
CASE studentship

Mathematics Department, University of Reading, in collaboration with the MET Office, Exeter

Title: Analysis of large scale atmospheric flows
(Further details on www.reading.ac.uk/maths)

EPSRC and Met Office Studentship, approximately £17,170pa. UK students only for full studentship.

Contact: Mrs S Davis, The University Of Reading, Dept of Mathematics, P O Box 220, Reading RG6 6AX, Tel: 0118 378 8991 or Email: s.davis@reading.ac.uk. Application form: www.reading.ac.uk/Study/apply/pg-applicationform.asp

Start date: October 2008
Supervisor: Dr B Pelloni, University Of Reading; Dr Mike Cullen, Met Office

Post Doc in Systems Biology (M/F) [3y; PhD in Systems Biology, Eng, Life Sciences (Biology), Biotechnology or comparable; good written and oral English skills are obligatory, working knowledge in German and/or French is an advantage] / University of Luxembourg / deadline September 30

Math-jobs.com - visit our global list of conferences and courses

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Post Doc in Systems Biology (M/F)
Application End: Tuesday 30 September 2008

The University of Luxembourg has a vacancy in its Faculty of Science, Technology and Communication for a

Post Doc in Systems Biology / Life Sciences
3-years contract, renewable
starting October 2008 (or later)

Research area: Systems Biology - Life Sciences

Within systems biology detailed mathematical (ODE) models based on molecular interactions are widely used to analyze mammalian signalling networks. Sensitivity analysis methods allow for rating of the influence of model parameters on the dynamic and static behaviour of the model states (e.g. concentrations). This information can be used to get deeper insight into the system under investigation by identification of key mechanisms and sensitive or fragile network points.
In this project global sensitivity methods (variance based) shall be implemented and applied to analyze the pro- and anti-apoptotic signalling in mammalian cells. The focus will be on different published or currently developed detailed mathematical models which describe various aspects of pro- and anti-apoptotic processes. This will help to identify the hub proteins within this network which will be promising targets for pharmaceutical strategies.

Tasks:

• Mainly research activities in the field of Systems Biology, with special focus on global sensitivity analysis
• Contribute to the teaching activities of the Faculty, especially in Systems Biology

Profile:

• PhD degree in Systems Biology, Engineering, Life Sciences (Biology), Biotechnology or comparable
• Good written and oral English skills are obligatory, working knowledge in German and/or French is an advantage.

Offer

• research within an up-to-date field
• exciting interdisciplinary environment
• competitive remuneration

For further information, please contact:
Thomas Sauter
University of Luxembourg
162a, avenue de la Faïencerie
L-1511 Luxembourg
Office: Campus Limpertsberg
Tel: +49 711 6856 6611
Email: thomas.sauter@uni.lu
Url : www.isys.uni-stuttgart.de/~sauter

Interested candidates are asked to send their full application (letter of motivation, detailed CV, copies of diploma, photo) until September 30th, 2008 by e-mail to thomas.sauter@uni.lu .

The University of Luxembourg is an equal opportunity employer.

PhD Scholarships [3y; master degree in maths, appl maths or eng or equiv academic qualifications] / Technical University of Denmark / deadline October 1

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PhD Scholarships
Applications are invited for 3-year PhD positions starting December 1 2008 or earlier, at the Department of Mathematics.
Apply before: 01.10.2008 at 12:00 (noon)

The positions should be within the research areas of the Department: Geometry, Applied Functional Analysis, Dynamical Systems and Discrete Mathematics. Example projects are: Iso-Geometric Analysis and Shape Optimization, The blood coagulation cascade, The structure of separated flows, Geometric effects in quantum structures, Highly Non-Linear Boolean Functions,Optimization of Thermofluidic Systems Using the Lattice-Bolltzmann Method (for further details on these projects, see www.mat.dtu.dk/English/Education/PhD/PhD%20Projects.aspx

Applications with other projects that are defined in collaboration with Faculty at DTU Mathematics are also welcome.

Candidates should have a master degree in mathematics, applied mathematics or engineering or equivalent academic qualifications.

The scholarships for the PhD degree are subject to academic approval, and the candidates will be enrolled in the Research School of DTU Mathematics. Information about the general requirements for enrolment and the general planning of the scholarship studies is included in the general rules at DTU, which may be obtained from the PhD program office at tel: +45 45251176 or + 45 45251177, and via www.mat.dtu.dk/English/Education/PhD.aspx)

Applications must be submitted in English and must include a complete curriculum vitae and documentation of a completed M.Sc. or M.Eng.-degree.FF

Further information can be obtained from Professor Tom Høholdt, phone: +45 4525 3047, e-mail: T.Hoeholdt@mat.dtu.dk.

All candidates irrespective of age, gender, race, religion or ethnic affiliation are invited to apply.

Applications with enclosures in triplicate must be sent to:

Head of Department
att: Anna Jensen
Department of Mathematics
DTU Matematiktorvet, Bldg. 303S
Dk-2800 Lyngby
Denmark

Applications must be received no later than 1 October 2008 12.00 (GMT+1).

Netherland | Deadline : Oct 31, 2008

Department/faculty: Applied Sciences
Level: Master degree
Working hours: Maximum of 38 hours per week (1 FTE)
Contract: Four years
Salary: Maximum of €2558 per month gross

The Faculty of Applied Sciences is the largest faculty of TU Delft, with around 550 scientists, a support staff of 250 and 1,400 students. The faculty conducts fundamental, application-oriented research and offers scientific education at the bachelor, master and doctoral levels. The faculty is active in the fields of Life and Health Science & Technology, Nanoscience, Chemical Engineering, Radiation Science & Technology, and Applied Physics.

The Dutch Separation Technology Institute (DSTI) is the network in which industry, universities and knowledge institutes work closely together to develop breakthrough separation technologies for application in different sectors of the process industry. Some 40 companies from the food, pharmaceutical, oil and gas, chemical and process water industries, together with eight knowledge centres have joined DSTI. “Together we can take bigger steps.”

JOB DESCRIPTION

In the Oil & Gas sector of DSTI, a project is being set up that aims at making existing oil/water separation equipment for oil production an order of magnitude smaller. The traditional large pressure vessels and settling tanks are replaced by line size devices that use swirling flow to accelerate the separation process. These devices not only make oil production cheaper, but also cleaner and safer and potentially these enable operation from remote geographical locations and even subsea.
The physics behind these swirling devices are, however, challenging. The present project is a cooperation of Shell, Frames, CDS Engineering and the Universities of Technology in Delft, Eindhoven and Twente. This combination of industry, both operators and suppliers, and universities will give a solid foundation to develop this new technology by studying the various key processes in a practical context; key processes include swirling flow, densely dispersed liquid/liquid multiphase flow, phase separation, coalescence and break-up. The problem will be addressed from two angles, i.e. one PhD student (this vacancy) will focus on experimental research, the other PhD student will approach the research questions from the theoretical and numerical side. The ultimate project deliverable includes fundamental knowledge on the processes that govern oil/water separation. That knowledge, in particular geometrical and flow parameters, may be used by engineers to design an inline oil/water separation device.

REQUIREMENTS

We are looking for candidates who are interested in studying the fundamentals of separation, while keeping in mind the requirements of the application. Collaboration across companies and universities is seen as one of the major features of this project.
In this project, two PhD students will work closely together and with the industrial partners, and will spend a period in industry to gather relevant practical knowledge. This way, a scientifically challenging study should result in knowledge that can be directly applied to innovations in oil-water separation.
Applicants should have a recent MSc in Chemical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics, Applied Physics or a related discipline. We seek candidates with proficiency in experimental design, data analysis and interpretation, and with excellent experimental skills in Fluid Mechanics. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills are also required.

CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT

The successful candidate will be employed full-time by TU Delft for a fixed period of 4 years within which he or she is expected to write a dissertation leading to a doctoral degree (PhD thesis). The monthly salary for a PhD starts at a maximum of € 2000 per month gross, increasing to a maximum of € 2558 gross in the fourth year.
TU Delft offers an attractive benefits package, including a flexible work week, free high-speed Internet access from home, and the option of assembling a customized compensation and benefits package (the 'IKA'). Salary and benefits are in accordance with the Collective Labour Agreement for Dutch Universities.
Delft University of Technology strives to increase the number of women in higher academic positions; women are therefore especially encouraged to apply.

INFORMATION AND APPLICATION

For more information about this position or to apply, please contact Prof. R. F. Mudde, phone: +31 (0)15-2782834, e-mail: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl. To apply, please e-mail a detailed CV along with a letter of application by October 31, 2008 to Prof. Mudde at: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl.
When applying for this position, make sure to mention vacancy number TNWMSP08-050.

Enquiries from agencies are not appreciated.

More information can be obtain at: http://www.vacaturesindelft.nl/vacature.php?id=1278&lang=eng

Netherland | Deadline : Oct 01, 2008

Department/faculty: Applied Sciences
Level: Master degree
Working hours: Full-time
Contract: Four years
Salary: Maximum of €2558 per month gross

The Faculty of Applied Sciences is the largest faculty of TU Delft, with around 550 scientists, a support staff of 250 and 1,400 students. The faculty conducts fundamental, application-oriented research and offers scientific education at the bachelor, master and doctoral levels. The faculty is active in the fields of Life and Health Science & Technology, Nanoscience, Chemical Engineering, Radiation Science & Technology, and Applied Physics.

The focus of the Department of Multi-scale Physics (www.msp.tudelft.nl) is developing the conceptual understanding and enabling detailed control of fluid dynamics and transport phenomena at all relevant time and length scales as occurring in a wide variety of industrial and environmental processes. Our approach is typically ‘Applied Physics’ and strongly technological. We aim at combining scientific rigor and industrial relevance in an internationally recognized centre of excellence where the participating individuals have the opportunity to contribute to the science behind the technology.

JOB DESCRIPTION

Protective clothing usually consists of two layers of highly permeable textile, with a layer of active carbon particles in between. Ventilation and protection are contradictory demands: clothing that provides good protection often lacks ventilation and therefore offers less comfort. The subtle balance between the two and how to optimize protection will be addressed in this project.
Since air flow through protective garments involves complex interactions between chemical and physical phenomena taking place at various scales (from the sub-millimetre scale of textile fibres up to the metre scale of a human body), a multi-scale approach using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) will be adopted.
Through micro-scale CFD simulations, the hydraulic and chemical permeability of protective garment material will be studied as a function of the textile properties, the size distribution and spatial distribution of the carbon particles, and their adsorption properties. Both adsorption by the carbon layer and uptake by the skin will be investigated. To this end, the adsorption and desorption kinetics in the carbon will be determined experimentally and results will be incorporated in the CFD simulations of flow and mass transfer. Based on the micro-scale CFD results, new semi-empirical models will be developed that can be implemented in macro-scale CFD simulations of an entire clothed body. Subsequently, macro-scale CFD will be used to derive detailed predictive models of the performance of protective textile materials.

REQUIREMENTS

The candidate that we are looking for has either an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering with a strong interest in transport phenomena and fluid dynamics, or an MSc degree in a field such as Mechanical or Aeronautical Engineering or Applied Physics, with a solid basis in fluid mechanics and transport phenomena and the willingness to learn about chemical processes. We seek candidates who ranked among the top 25% during their BSc and MSc studies. The candidate should be motivated and able to work with a high degree of independence; in addition, he/she should be a good communicator and team player, and fluent in spoken and written English. Preferably, she or he is a citizen of a NATO country.

CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT

The successful candidate will be employed full-time by TU Delft for a fixed period of 4 years within which he or she is expected to write a dissertation leading to a doctoral degree (PhD thesis). The monthly salary for a PhD student starts at € 2000 per month, increasing to € 2558 gross in the fourth year.
TU Delft offers an attractive benefits package, including a flexible work week, free high-speed Internet access from home, and the option of assembling a customized compensation and benefits package (the 'IKA'). Salary and benefits are in accordance with the Collective Labour Agreement for Dutch Universities.
TU Delft strives to increase the number of women in higher academic positions; women are therefore especially encouraged to apply.

INFORMATION AND APPLICATION

For more information about this position or to apply, please contact Prof. C.R.Kleijn,phone: +31 (0)15-2782835, e-mail: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl. To apply, please e-mail a detailed CV along with a letter of application by October 31, 2008 to: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl.???
When applying for this position, make sure to mention vacancy number TNWMSP08-041.

Enquiries from agencies are not appreciated.

Further information can be obtain at: http://www.vacaturesindelft.nl/vacature.php?id=1217&lang=eng

Department/faculty: Applied Sciences
Level: Master degree
Working hours: Maximum of 38 hours per week (1 FTE)
Contract: Four years
Salary: Maximum of €2558 per month gross

The Faculty of Applied Sciences is the largest faculty of TU Delft, with around 550 scientists, a support staff of 250 and 1,400 students. The faculty conducts fundamental, application-oriented research and offers scientific education at the bachelor, master and doctoral levels. The faculty is active in the fields of Life and Health Science & Technology, Nanoscience, Chemical Engineering, Radiation Science & Technology, and Applied Physics.

The focus of the Department of Multi-Scale Physics (www.msp.tudelft.nl) is developing the conceptual understanding and enabling detailed control of fluid dynamics and transport phenomena at all relevant time and length scales as occurring in a wide variety of industrial and environmental processes. Our approach is typically ‘Applied Physics’ and strongly technological. We aim at combining scientific rigor and industrial relevance in an internationally recognized centre of excellence where the participating individuals have the opportunity to contribute to the science behind the technology.

JOB DESCRIPTION

Many hydroprocessing trickle bed reactors have the potential of developing runaway reactions which may ultimately result in vessel failure, due to excessive pressure and excessive temperature of the vessel wall. The formation of these hot zones is of crucial practical importance and a clear fundamental understanding of these hot spot formations would be advantageous.
The aim of this project is to develop a fundamental model based on first principles to handle thermodynamics and reactors, and employ CFD (computational fluid dynamics) to characterize the flow, both under normal operating conditions (good flow distribution) and in the presence of gross maldistribution, e.g., blockages to the flow.
The question at hand is: what is the best approach to detect and mitigate highly localized but gross flow maldistribution in the reactor, caused, for example, by a partial blockage at the top of the bed (e.g., by a malfunctioning or ill-designed tray section)? Addressing this question demands a better, more fundamental understanding of flow characteristics, reactivity and thermodynamics in the bed.

REQUIREMENTS

We are looking for (applied) physicists or chemical engineers with a firm background in fluid mechanics and transport phenomena and with an affinity for relevant modelling and computational methods. Delft University of Technology is a bilingual organization; a good command of written and spoken English is essential.

CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT

The successful candidate will be employed full-time by TU Delft for a fixed period of 4 years within which he or she is expected to write a dissertation leading to a doctoral degree (PhD thesis). The monthly salary for a PhD will be to a maximum of € 2558 gross in the fourth year.
TU Delft offers an attractive benefits package, including a flexible work week, free high-speed Internet access from home, and the option of assembling a customized compensation and benefits package (the 'IKA'). Salary and benefits are in accordance with the Collective Labour Agreement for Dutch Universities. Delft University of Technology strives to increase the number of women in higher academic positions; women are therefore especially encouraged to apply.

INFORMATION AND APPLICATION

For more information about this position or to apply, please contact Prof. R. F. Mudde, phone: +31 (0)15-2782834, e-mail: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl. To apply, please e-mail a detailed CV along with a letter of application by October 31, 2008 to Prof. Mudde at: Applicants-MSP-TNW@tudelft.nl.
When applying for this position, make sure to mention vacancy number TNWMSP08-042.

Enquiries from agencies are not appreciated.

For more information please visit: http://www.vacaturesindelft.nl/vacature.php?id=1199&lang=eng

Netherland | Deadline : Oct 01, 2008

Department/faculty: Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science
Level: Master degree
Working hours: Maximum of 38 hours per week (1 FTE)
Contract: Four years
Salary: Maximum of €2558 per month gross

The Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science is an ambitious research and learning environment offering many opportunities for synergistic collaboration. The faculty is a strong international player in the fields of Telecommunications, Software Technology, Micro-electronics and Computer Engineering, Electrical Energy Technology, Multimedia and Applied Mathematics. The faculty brings together 1,800 students (BSc and MSc) and a staff of 750, including nearly 300 PhD researchers.

The Laboratory of Electronic Components, Technology and Materials (ECTM) is part of the Department of Microelectronics and offers a multidisciplinary research environment with strong industry interaction.

The Semiconductor Device Modelling section focuses on physics-based modelling of semiconductor devices. A central activity is the support and development of the World Standard model Mextram for bipolar transistors. Mextram is widely used in the semiconductor industry to support electronic circuit simulations. In our group, starting from physical principles and experimental data, we are developing an understanding of how electronic devices work in order to explain and model their electrical characteristics.

JOB DESCRIPTION

Bipolar transistors are the active devices of choice for advanced radio-frequency applications, such as upcoming telecommunication generations, radar and advanced THz imaging systems. In these applications, most advanced bipolar transistors will be applied. The study of these advanced electronic devices opens a myriad of topics in semiconductor device physics. The focus of the research will be on understanding and modelling hetero-junction structures applied in advanced transistors, as well as on the consequences of downscaling the bipolar devices, which, thanks to progress in modern semiconductor device technology, are entering the domain of nano-electronics.

REQUIREMENTS

The candidate has an academic MSc degree in physics, electrical engineering, applied mathematics or the equivalent. The candidate has an affinity with semiconductor device physics and for the combination of experimental work with mathematical analysis and modelling.

CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT

The successful candidate will be employed by Delft University of Technology for a fixed period of 4 years within which he/she is expected to write a doctoral thesis. The estimated starting salary for the PhD student is € 2,000 per month gross, with a maximum of € 2,558 gross (based on a full-time appointment and depending on experience).


TU Delft offers an attractive benefits package, including a flexible work week, free high-speed Internet access from home, and the option of assembling a customized compensation and benefits package (the 'IKA'). Salary and benefits are in accordance with the Collective Labour Agreement for Dutch Universities.

Delft University of Technology strives to increase the number of women in higher academic positions; women are therefore especially encouraged to apply.

INFORMATION AND APPLICATION

For more information about this position, please contact Ramses van der Toorn, phone: +31 (0)15-2787281, e-mail: R.vanderToorn@tudelft.nl. To apply, please send a detailed CV along with a letter of application by October 1, 2008 to Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands, or by e-mail to: peno-ewi@tudelft.nl.
When applying for this position, make sure to mention vacancy number EWI2008-22.

Enquiries from agencies are not appreciated.

Further information can be obtain at : http://www.vacaturesindelft.nl/vacature.php?id=1271&lang=eng

The Central Service Facility Functional Imaging at the Medical Faculty
of the RWTH Aachen University (Aachen, Germany) is looking for a
highly motivated PhD student. Applicants should have a degree in
Biophysics, Biology, Psychology, Medicine, or another related degree.
Experience in neuroimaging methods (fMRI, TMS) would be of advantage.

The research project is dedicated to studying the neurofunctional
production processes of literary texts in the human brain, in close
cooperation with researchers from the fields of computer science and
literature.

Neuroimaging at the RWTH Aachen University is done in a
multiprofessional team with a strong focus on MR-imaging. Moreover,
PET, MEG, EEG, and TMS is available. There is close cooperation with
the Institute of Medicine, Research Center Jülich within the JARA
brain research alliance. Extensive computing facilities are available
on site and cooperation with the Science and Engineering faculties of
the RWTH is encouraged. The Departments of Neuroradiology, Neurology,
Psychiatry and Medical Psychology have an intensive research
experience in functional brain imaging.

The position is available from November 2008. Deadline for
applications is September 30th 2008. The appointment will be initially
for 3 years. The position includes a salary according to TV-L 13/2
(about EUR26.100/year) .

Informal inquiries and applications (CV and the names of up to 3
potential referees) should be sent to Ralph Schnitker and Andreas
Jansen HumTec(at)izkf. rwth-aachen. de.
........... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ...
Dr. Ralph Schnitker
University Hospital RWTH Aachen
Central Service Facility "Functional Imaging" at the ICCR-Biomat
Pauwelsstr. 30
52074 Aachen
Germany email: ralph@izkf.rwth- aachen.de
home: http://www.izkf. rwth-aachen. de Phone: +49-241-80-88890
FAX: +49-241-80-82605

Peace Scholarships Program (Indonesia)
IDP Education Australia
____________ _________ _________ __

Australia | Deadline : Sep 30, 2008

The idea for the Peace Scholarship Program originated at the Australian International Education Conference in 2001 in Sydney in response to the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington. The program was designed to help build global peace and understanding and operates on the principle that providing opportunities to students to study abroad promotes the interaction of diverse cultures through, improves cross-cultural understanding, leading to enduring global peace.

The Peace Scholarship Program is committed to providing opportunities for eligible students in selected countries worldwide to study abroad in Australia at undergraduate or postgraduate level and at a later stage to provide opportunities for Australian students to study abroad.

Less than two per cent of students enrolled in higher education globally have the chance to benefit from studying abroad. The Peace Scholarship Program aims to provide international educational opportunities to deserving students from selected countries who would not otherwise have the option.

282 students from thirteen countries have been awarded Peace Scholarships to date, commencing undergraduate or postgraduate studies in Australia each semester since July 2004.

Australian universities are wonderful supporters of the Peace Scholarship Program through the provision of tuition fee-waivers and a wide variety of organisations also support the Peace Scholarship Program through cash and in-kind donations.

In order to continue to provide scholarships to deserving students from around the world, the Peace Scholarship Program continues to seek support and sponsorship from the education sector, corporations, individuals and the community. All donations of money and property to the Peace Scholarship Trust - one of the Trust's that facilitates the Program are tax deductible in Australia.
Â
Find out how you can support the Program here. Â
Australia and Australian education institutions have benefited enormously from international students since the mid 1980s and the Peace Scholarship Program provides the opportunity for individuals and organisations to give something back, which will bring long-term global benefits.
PEACE SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM FOR INDONESIA
AusAID Indonesia, IDP Education Australia, Edith Cowan University, Macquarie University and the University of Notre Dame, in association with the Peace Scholarship Program are offering the opportunity for up to four students from Indonesia to study abroad in Australia for one semester commencing February 2009.
WHAT DO I GET?
There are up to four Peace Scholarships available for eligible students in Indonesia worth up to AU$15,000 and covering:
* Tuition fees for study abroad at an Australian university for 1 semester
* Funds to cover travel costs, living costs, accommodation and other costs
* Two day orientation welcome program
* Other services and products offered by supporters of the Peace Scholarship Program
* Lifetime networking opportunities with Peace Scholarship recipients worldwide
Students who meet the eligibility criteria as provided below are invited to apply for the Peace Scholarship.

HOW DO I APPLY?
STEP 1
Ensure you fulfil each of the selection criteria as detailed below:
* At the time of application you have completed at least three semesters and no more than six semesters of your first full-time undergraduate degree of an accredited course at any university in Indonesia
* You have achieved at least a 65-70% average mark in your degree to date
* You can preferably gain credit transfer for your study abroad program at the host university in Australia for your degree at your home institution
* You have a level of English language proficiencythat satisfies both Student Visa requirements for entry to Australia as well as host institution requirements
* You do not hold citizenship or permanent residency in Australia and have not previously studied overseas, either in Australia or elsewhere (unless on a scholarship or to study English)Â
* You are able to demonstrate a commitment to global peace and understanding through community, academic or professional achievements
* You are able to indicate how the Peace Scholarship experience will enhance your professional development and help contribute to global peace and understanding
* You are able to demonstrate a financial need and that without this scholarship you would not have the chance to study overseas

STEP 2:
The following materials must be received by IDP in Indonesia (details below) by 30th September, 2008.
1. Completed, printed and signed application form
2. Completed, printed and signed Agreement of Award Terms and Conditions
3. Certified true copy of English translated official academic transcript, including current year grades - certified by IDP
4. Proof of English language ability including IELTS or TOEFL (paper-based, computer-based or internet based)
5. Two References/Testimon ials in English
* One reference/testimoni al from home institution (Dean or higher). This reference/testimoni al must follow the format outlined on the Home Institution Reference Form and address the criteria requested
* One reference/testimoni al from someone you have worked with on a particular community service project that you talk about in your application (preferably your supervisor), or from someone who can honestly discuss your involvement in community based activities and projects and who has known you for more than 2 years. This reference/testimoni al must follow the format outlined on the Community Leader Reference Form and address the criteria requested.

Note: References cannot be submitted from a person to whom you are related.
All applications must be received by IDP Indonesia (details below) by 30th September 2008.

Who can I contact for more information?
For more information regarding the 2008 Peace Scholarship Program please contact globalpeace@ idp.com or the contacts below. Please send your applications to the IDP office listed below by the 30th September.

Url : http://www.peacesch olarship. idp.com/apply/ indonesia. aspx
Rachmi Sjafei (Ms.)
Senior Project Officer/IELTS Administrator ID017
IDP Education Pty. Ltd. - South Jakarta Office
Jl.Terusan Gedung Hijau I Kav.9 no.01
Komp.RUKO Fitria Pondok Indah
Jakarta Selatan - 12310 INDONESIA
Phone: +62 21 750 3552/2660
Fax: +62 21 769 4846
Email: rachmi.sjafei@ idp.com

Questions 40-50

The cities in the United States have been the most visible sponsors and beneficiaries of projects that place art in public places. They have shown exceptional imagination inapplying the diverse forms of contemporary art to a wide variety of purposes. Theactivities observed in a number of “pioneer” cities sponsoring art in public places—a
(5 ) broadening exploration of public sites, an increasing awareness among both sponsors and the public of the varieties of contemporary artistic practice, and a growing public enthusiasm—are increasingly characteristic of cities across the country. With many cities now undergoing renewed development, opportunities are continuously emerging for the inclusion or art in new or renewed public environments, including buildings,
(10)plazas, parks, and transportation facilities. The result of these activities is a group of artworks that reflect the diversity of contemporary art and the varying character and goals of the sponsoring communities.
In sculpture, the projects range from a cartoonlike Mermaid in Miami Beach by Roy Lichtenstein to a small forest planted in New York City by Alan Sonfist. The use
(15) of murals followed quickly upon the use of sculpture and has brought to public sites the work of artists as different as the realist Thomas Hart Benton and the Pop artist Robert Rauschenberg. The specialized requirements of particular urban situations have further expanded the use of art in public places: in Memphis, sculptor Richard Hunt has createda monument to Martin Luther King, Jr., who was slain there; in New York, Dan Flavin
(20) and Bill Brand have contributed neon and animation works to the enhancement of mass transit facilities. And in numerous cities, art is being raised as a symbol of the commitment to revitalize urban areas.

By continuing to sponsor projects involving a growing body of art in public places,cities will certainly enlarge the situations in which the public encounters and grows

(25)familiar with the various forms of contemporary art. Indeed, cities are providing artists with an opportunity to communicate with a new and broader audience. Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions. They are working in new, often more durable media, and on an unaccustomed scale.

40. What is the passage mainly about?

(A) The influence of art on urban architecture in United States cities

(B) The growth of public art in United States cities.

(C) The increase in public appreciation of art in the United States

(D) The differences between public art in Europe and the United States.

41. The word “exceptional” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) remarkable

(B) fearless

(C) expert

(D) visible

42. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as results of the trend toward installing contemporary art in public places in the United States EXCEPT

(A) the transfer of artwork from private to public sites

(B) artworks that represent a city’s special character

(C) greater interest in art by the American public

(D) a broader understanding of the varieties of contemporary art

43. According to the passage, new settings for public art are appearing as a result of

(A) communities that are building more art museums

(B) artists who are moving to urban areas

(C) urban development and renewal

(D) an increase in the number of artists in the United States.

44.The author mentions Roy Lichtenstein and Alan Sonfist in line 14 in order to

(A) show that certain artist are famous mostly for their public art

(B) introduce the subject of unusual works of art

(C) demonstrate the diversity of artworks displayed in public

(D) contrast the cities of Miami Beach and New York

45.It can be inferred from the passage that the city of Memphis sponsored a work by Richard Hunt because the city authorities believed that

(A) the sculpture would symbolize the urban renewal of Memphis

(B) Memphis was an appropriate place for a memorial to Martin Luther Ling, Jr.

(C) the artwork would promote Memphis as a center for the arts

(D) the sculpture would provide a positive example to other artists.

46. The word “enhancement” in line 20 is closest in meaning to

(A) replacement

(B) design

(C) improvement

(D) decoration

47. The word “revitalize” in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) show the importance of

(B) promise to enlarge

(C) bring new life to

(D) provide artworks for

48. The word “that” in line 27 refers to

(A) contemporary art

(B) opportunity

(C) audience

(D) distinction

49. The word “executing” in line 28 is closest in meaning to

(A) judging

(B) selling

(C) explaining

(D) producing

50. According to paragraph 3, artists who work on public art projects are doing all of the following EXCEPT

(A) creating artworks that are unusual in size

(B) raising funds to sponsor various public projects

(C) exposing a large number of people to works of art

(D) using new materials that are long—lasting.

Key : B AACCB CCDDB

Questions 30-39

Native Americans probably arrived from Asia in successive waves over several
millennia, crossing a plain hundreds of miles wide that now lies inundated by 160 feet of water released by melting glaciers. For several periods of time, the first beginning around 60,000 B.C. and the last ending around 7,000 B.C., this land bridge was open. The
(5 )first people traveled in the dusty trails of the animals they hunted. They brought with them not only their families, weapons, and tools but also a broad metaphysical understanding,sprung from dreams and visions and articulated in myth and song, which complementedtheir scientific and historical knowledge of the lives of animals and of people. All this theyshaped in a variety of languages, bringing into being oral literatures of power and beauty.
(10) Contemporary readers, forgetting the origins of western epic, lyric, and dramaticforms, are easily disposed to think of “literature” only as something written. But on reflection it becomes clear that the more critically useful as well as the more frequently employed sense of the term concerns the artfulness of the verbal creation, not its mode of presentation. Ultimately, literature is aesthetically valued, regardless of language, culture,
(15)or mode of presentation, because some significant verbal achievement results from the struggle in words between tradition and talent. Verbal art has the ability to shape out a compelling inner vision in some skillfully crafted public verbal form.

Of course, the differences between the written and oral modes of expression are not without consequences for an understanding of Native American literature. The essential
(20)difference is that a speech event is an evolving communication, an “emergent form,” the shape, functions, and aesthetic values of which become more clearly realized over thecourse of the performance. In performing verbal art , the performer assumes responsibility for the manner as well as the content of the performance, while the audience assumes the responsibility for evaluating the performer’s competence in both areas. It is this intense
(25)mutual engagement that elicits the display of skill and shapes the emerging performance.
Where written literature provides us with a tradition of texts, oral literature offers a tradition of performances.

30. According to the passage, why did the first people who came to North America leave their homeland?

(A) They were hoping to find a better climate.

(B) They were seeking freedom.

(C) They were following instructions given in a dream.

(D) They were looking for food.

31. The phrase “are easily disposed” in line 11 is closet in meaning to

(A) demonstrate reluctance

(B) readily encourage others

(C) have a tendency

(D) often fail

32.The word “Ultimately” in line 14 is closest in meaning to

(A) frequently

(B) normally

(C) whenever possible

(D) in the end

33.The word “compelling” in line 17 is closest in meaning to

(A) joyous

(B) intricate

(C) competing

(D) forceful

34. What is the main point of the second paragraph?

(A) Public performance is essential to verbal art.

(B) Oral narratives are a valid form of literature.

(C) Native Americans have a strong oral tradition in art.

(D) The production of literature provides employment for many artists.

35. What can be inferred about the nature of the Native American literature discussed in the passage?

(A) It reflects historical and contemporary life in Asia.

(B) Its main focus is on daily activities.

(C) It is based primarily on scientific knowledge.

(D) It is reshaped each time it is experienced.

36. According to the passage, what responsibility does the audience of a verbal art performance have ?

(A) They provide financial support for performances.

(B) They judge the quality of the content and presentation.

(C) They participate in the performance by chanting responses.

(D) They determine the length of the performance by requesting a continuation.

37. Which of the following is NOT true of the Native American literature discussed in the passage?

(A) It involves acting.

(B) It has ancient origins.

(C) It has a set form.

(D) It expresses an inner vision.

38. What can be inferred from the passage about the difference between written and oral literature?

(A) Written literature reflects social values better than oral literature does.

(B) Written literature involves less interaction between audience and creator during the creative progress than oral literature does.

(C) Written literature usually is not based on historical events, whereas oral literature is.

(D) Written literature is not as highly respected as oral literature is.

39. What is the author’s attitude toward Native American literature?

(A) Admiring of its form

(B) Critical of the cost of its production

(C) Amused by its content

(D) Skeptical about its origins

Questions 40-50

The cities in the United States have been the most visible sponsors and beneficiaries

of projects that place art in public places. They have shown exceptional imagination in

applying the diverse forms of contemporary art to a wide variety of purposes. The

activities observed in a number of “pioneer” cities sponsoring art in public places—a

(5 ) broadening exploration of public sites, an increasing awareness among both sponsors

and the public of the varieties of contemporary artistic practice, and a growing public enthusiasm—are increasingly characteristic of cities across the country. With many

cities now undergoing renewed development, opportunities are continuously emerging

for the inclusion or art in new or renewed public environments, including buildings,

(10)plazas, parks, and transportation facilities. The result of these activities is a group of

artworks that reflect the diversity of contemporary art and the varying character and

goals of the sponsoring communities.

In sculpture, the projects range from a cartoonlike Mermaid in Miami Beach by

Roy Lichtenstein to a small forest planted in New York City by Alan Sonfist. The use

(15) of murals followed quickly upon the use of sculpture and has brought to public sites the

work of artists as different as the realist Thomas Hart Benton and the Pop artist Robert Rauschenberg. The specialized requirements of particular urban situations have further expanded the use of art in public places: in Memphis, sculptor Richard Hunt has created

a monument to Martin Luther King, Jr., who was slain there; in New York, Dan Flavin

(20) and Bill Brand have contributed neon and animation works to the enhancement of mass

transit facilities. And in numerous cities, art is being raised as a symbol of the

commitment to revitalize urban areas.

By continuing to sponsor projects involving a growing body of art in public places,

cities will certainly enlarge the situations in which the public encounters and grows

(25)familiar with the various forms of contemporary art. Indeed, cities are providing artists

with an opportunity to communicate with a new and broader audience. Artists are

recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account

when executing their public commissions. They are working in new, often more durable

media, and on an unaccustomed scale.

40. What is the passage mainly about?

(A) The influence of art on urban architecture in United States cities

(B) The growth of public art in United States cities.

(C) The increase in public appreciation of art in the United States

(D) The differences between public art in Europe and the United States.

41. The word “exceptional” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) remarkable

(B) fearless

(C) expert

(D) visible

42. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as results of the trend toward installing contemporary art in public places in the United States EXCEPT

(A) the transfer of artwork from private to public sites

(B) artworks that represent a city’s special character

(C) greater interest in art by the American public

(D) a broader understanding of the varieties of contemporary art

43. According to the passage, new settings for public art are appearing as a result of

(A) communities that are building more art museums

(B) artists who are moving to urban areas

(C) urban development and renewal

(D) an increase in the number of artists in the United States.

44.The author mentions Roy Lichtenstein and Alan Sonfist in line 14 in order to

(A) show that certain artist are famous mostly for their public art

(B) introduce the subject of unusual works of art

(C) demonstrate the diversity of artworks displayed in public

(D) contrast the cities of Miami Beach and New York

45.It can be inferred from the passage that the city of Memphis sponsored a work by Richard Hunt because the city authorities believed that

(A) the sculpture would symbolize the urban renewal of Memphis

(B) Memphis was an appropriate place for a memorial to Martin Luther Ling, Jr.

(C) the artwork would promote Memphis as a center for the arts

(D) the sculpture would provide a positive example to other artists.

46. The word “enhancement” in line 20 is closest in meaning to

(A) replacement

(B) design

(C) improvement

(D) decoration

47. The word “revitalize” in line 22 is closest in meaning to

(A) show the importance of

(B) promise to enlarge

(C) bring new life to

(D) provide artworks for

48. The word “that” in line 27 refers to

(A) contemporary art

(B) opportunity

(C) audience

(D) distinction

49. The word “executing” in line 28 is closest in meaning to

(A) judging

(B) selling

(C) explaining

(D) producing

50. According to paragraph 3, artists who work on public art projects are doing all of the following EXCEPT

(A) creating artworks that are unusual in size

(B) raising funds to sponsor various public projects

(C) exposing a large number of people to works of art

(D) using new materials that are long—lasting.

Key: D CDDBD BCBA